Small Animal Surgery Resident University of California, Davis Oxnard, California
Outcomes Associated with Local Treatment of Nasal Planum Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Dogs: Ninety Cases. Raleigh J1, Culp W1, Giuffrida M1, Thomson C2, Martin T2, Skinner O3, Reising A3, Bertran J4, Selmic L5, Dornbusch J5, Wilson J1, Oblak M6, Fransson B7, Lux C8, Wustefeld-Janssens B9, Hollenbeck D9, Liptak J10, Phillips H11, Selting K11, Park J11, Wallace M12, Mayhew P.1, Steffey M1, Balsa I1, Rebhun R1, Kent M1. 1University of California, Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA; 2Colorado State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Fort Collins, CO; 3University of Missouri, College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbia, MO; 4University of Florida, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gainesville, FL; 5The Ohio State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, OH; 6University of Guelph, Ontario Veterinary College, Guelph, ON; 7Washington State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Pullman, WA; 8University of Tennessee, College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN; 9Texas A&M University, College of Veterinary Medicine, College Station, TX; 10Alta Vista Animal Hospital, Gloucester, ON; 11University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, College of Veterinary Medicine, Urbana, IL; 12University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA.
Nasal planum squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is relatively common in dogs, yet information regarding outcomes is lacking. This retrospective, multi-institutional study aimed to report clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes/complications in dogs undergoing local treatment of nasal planum SCC. Medical records were reviewed; 90 dogs were included. Median age was 10.4 years (range 4.7–14.7). Of dogs with complete staging, 9/73 (12%) had regional and/or distant metastasis. Surgical excision alone (70%) or radiation therapy alone (23%) were the most common local therapies utilized. Histopathologic margins were incomplete in 32% of dogs undergoing surgery. Postoperative complications occurred in 66% of dogs but were mostly low-grade; dehiscence (31%), epistaxis (31%), and hemorrhage (29%) were most common. Local recurrence was reported in 25% of dogs who underwent surgery. Presence of metastasis at diagnosis (HR 3.00, 95% CI 1.24–7.21, P = 0.014) and tumor crossing midline (HR 2.22, 95% CI 1.22–4.04, P = 0.009) were associated with hazard of progression. Median survival time (MST) among 33 dogs with documented local or metastatic disease progression was 336 days (95% CI 189–458) versus 685 days (95% CI 334–1042) among 57 dogs without (P = 0.038). Disease progression was significantly associated with hazard of death (HR 1.93, 95% CI 1.03–3.63, P = 0.041). These results demonstrate that local treatment can often achieve long-term disease control despite a challenging location and frequent treatment-related complications. Limitations result from the retrospective and multi-institutional collection of data. Due to potential for relatively long MSTs, local therapy for dogs with nasal planum SCC should be considered.