Introduction: Magnetic compression anastomosis (MCA) has been proved to be a rapid, safe, effective and less complications compared with traditional suture anastomosis. However, there is no application of magnetic surgical technique in urology. In this study, we aim to evaluate the efficacy of MCA in living pigs for ureter anastomosis. Methods: 10 pigs were purchased from the Animal Experimental Center of Xi 'an Jiaotong University. After the pig was anesthetized, an artificial ureteral stricture model was performed in the upper segment of the ureter. Magnet A was placed retrograde in ureteral stricture via urethra and bladder by cystoscope. Nephrostomy was performed under the guidance of ultrasound, and magnet B was placed anterograde through the kidney to the ureteral stricture. The A-B magnets attract each other at the position of ureteral stricture. The nephrostomy tube was indwelled for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks, nephroscopy was performed to check the anastomosis position and the magnet was removed at the same time. 1 week after the magnet was removed, B-ultrasound examination of the kidney and ureter was performed. The ureter tissues at the anastomotic site were checked and stained with H&E. In the control group, ureteral stricture was modeled similarly. Then, in the open surgery, the stenotic ureter was excised. The severed ureter was anastomosed with absorbable suture, and the double J tube was indwelled. After 3 weeks, the double J tube was removed, and 1 week later, B-ultrasound examination of the kidney and ureter was performed. The ureter tissues at the anastomotic site were stained with HE. Results: In the MCA group, the A-B magnets converged at the ureteral stricture 4 weeks after the operation. After the magnets were removed through the nephroscope, the ureteral stricture was unobstructed. One week after the operation, B-ultrasound examination revealed mild hydronephrosis in the kidney and ureter. HE staining showed smooth mucosa, no bleeding and anastomotic leakage at the anastomotic healing site of ureteral stricture. All tissue layers healed well and there was mild scar healed. In the control group, mild hydronephrosis in the kidney and ureter was found by B-ultrasound examination 1 week after the double J tube was removed. There was no bleeding or anastomotic leakage in the mucosa of the anastomosis. However, suture, scar hyperplasia, fibrous tissue hyperplasia and inflammatory cell infiltration were more obvious in the tissue of the anastomosis. Conclusions: This preclinical studies proved that MCA technique can achieve rapid ureteral anastomosis in pigs and MCA is an feasible, safe and effective in ureteral anastomosis. SOURCE OF Funding: None
